git的分支与合并的两种方法

git add -A和 git add . git add -u在功能上看似很相近,但还是存在一点差别

git add . :他会监控工作区的状态树,使用它会把工作时的所有变化提交到暂存区,包括文件内容修改(modified)以及新文件(new),但不包括被删除的文件。

git add -u :他仅监控已经被add的文件(即tracked file),他会将被修改的文件提交到暂存区。add -u 不会提交新文件(untracked file)。(git add –update的缩写)

git add -A :是上面两个功能的合集(git add –all的缩写)

下面是具体操作例子,方便更好的理解(Git version 1.x):

git init
echo Change me > change-me
echo Delete me > delete-me
git add change-me delete-me
git commit -m initial
 
echo OK >> change-me
rm delete-me
echo Add me > add-me
 
git status
# Changed but not updated:
#  modified:  change-me
#  deleted:  delete-me
# Untracked files:
#  add-me
 
git add .
git status
 
# Changes to be committed:
#  new file:  add-me
#  modified:  change-me
# Changed but not updated:
#  deleted:  delete-me
 
git reset
 
git add -u
git status
 
# Changes to be committed:
#  modified:  change-me
#  deleted:  delete-me
# Untracked files:
#  add-me
 
git reset
 
git add -A
git status
 
# Changes to be committed:
#  new file:  add-me
#  modified:  change-me
#  deleted:  delete-me

总结:

git add -A 提交所有变化

git add -u 提交被修改(modified)和被删除(deleted)文件,不包括新文件(new)

git add . 提交新文件(new)和被修改(modified)文件,不包括被删除(deleted)文件

git版本不同会有所区别

Git Version 1.x:

Git Version 2.x:

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