CMDB之数据库表设计

1.开发CMDB的背景
很多公司还在用Excel维护资产信息，当服务器数量变多时，难以保证excel表格的正确性，而且不同部门之间交换信息不方便。实现自动采集资产，自动汇报，并自动保存变更记录。
2.CMDB架构
– 资产采集（资产采集）
– API（接受数据保存入库，对外提供数据接口）
– 后台管理

3.资产采集方式
三种方案
– agent
– paramiko
– saltstack

4.服务器的唯一标识
a.不需要采集虚拟机
– 采用主板的SN号作为唯一标识。
b.需要采集虚拟机
– 对服务器进行标准化，唯一标识选用hostname

5.CMDB流程
– 装机同时，主机名在CMDB中设置
– 第一次采集，将主机名写入文件，发送到API
– 第N次采集，主机名从直接从文件名中获取。

6.表结构图示

7.django-models结构

from django.db import models


class UserProfile(models.Model):
    """
    用户信息
    """
    name = models.CharField(u'姓名', max_length=32)
    email = models.EmailField(u'邮箱')
    phone = models.CharField(u'座机', max_length=32)
    mobile = models.CharField(u'手机', max_length=32)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "用户表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class AdminInfo(models.Model):
    """
    用户登陆相关信息
    """
    user_info = models.OneToOneField("UserProfile")
    username = models.CharField(u'用户名', max_length=64)
    password = models.CharField(u'密码', max_length=64)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "管理员表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user_info.name


class UserGroup(models.Model):
    """
    用户组
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True)
    users = models.ManyToManyField('UserProfile')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "用户组表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class BusinessUnit(models.Model):
    """
    业务线,业务联系人和系统管理员
    """
    name = models.CharField('业务线', max_length=64, unique=True)
    contact = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='业务联系人', related_name='c')
    manager = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='系统管理员', related_name='m')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "业务线表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class IDC(models.Model):
    """
    机房信息
    """
    name = models.CharField('机房', max_length=32)
    floor = models.IntegerField('楼层', default=1)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "机房表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Tag(models.Model):
    """
    资产标签
    """
    name = models.CharField('标签', max_length=32, unique=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "标签表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Asset(models.Model):
    """
    资产信息表，所有资产公共信息（交换机，服务器，防火墙等）
    """
    device_type_choices = (
        (1, '服务器'),
        (2, '交换机'),
        (3, '防火墙'),
    )
    device_status_choices = (
        (1, '上架'),
        (2, '在线'),
        (3, '离线'),
        (4, '下架'),
    )

    device_type_id = models.IntegerField(choices=device_type_choices, default=1)
    device_status_id = models.IntegerField(choices=device_status_choices, default=1)

    cabinet_num = models.CharField('机柜号', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)
    cabinet_order = models.CharField('机柜中序号', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)

    idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC', verbose_name='IDC机房', null=True, blank=True)
    business_unit = models.ForeignKey('BusinessUnit', verbose_name='属于的业务线', null=True, blank=True)

    tag = models.ManyToManyField('Tag')

    latest_date = models.DateField(null=True)
    create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "资产表"

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s-%s-%s" % (self.idc.name, self.cabinet_num, self.cabinet_order)


class Server(models.Model):
    """
    服务器信息
    """
    asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset')

    hostname = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True)
    sn = models.CharField('SN号', max_length=64, db_index=True)
    manufacturer = models.CharField(verbose_name='制造商', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
    model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)

    manage_ip = models.GenericIPAddressField('管理IP', null=True, blank=True)

    os_platform = models.CharField('系统', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)
    os_version = models.CharField('系统版本', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)

    cpu_count = models.IntegerField('CPU个数', null=True, blank=True)
    cpu_physical_count = models.IntegerField('CPU物理个数', null=True, blank=True)
    cpu_model = models.CharField('CPU型号', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)

    create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "服务器表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.hostname


class NetworkDevice(models.Model):
    asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset')
    management_ip = models.CharField('管理IP', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
    vlan_ip = models.CharField('VlanIP', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
    intranet_ip = models.CharField('内网IP', max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
    sn = models.CharField('SN号', max_length=64, unique=True)
    manufacture = models.CharField(verbose_name=u'制造商', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)
    model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)
    port_num = models.SmallIntegerField('端口个数', null=True, blank=True)
    device_detail = models.CharField('设置详细配置', max_length=255, null=True, blank=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "网络设备"


class Disk(models.Model):
    """
    硬盘信息
    """
    slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=8)
    model = models.CharField('磁盘型号', max_length=32)
    capacity = models.FloatField('磁盘容量GB')
    pd_type = models.CharField('磁盘类型', max_length=32)
    server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='disk')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "硬盘表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.slot


class NIC(models.Model):
    """
    网卡信息
    """
    name = models.CharField('网卡名称', max_length=128)
    hwaddr = models.CharField('网卡mac地址', max_length=64)
    netmask = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    ipaddrs = models.CharField('ip地址', max_length=256)
    up = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='nic')


    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "网卡表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Memory(models.Model):
    """
    内存信息
    """
    slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=32)
    manufacturer = models.CharField('制造商', max_length=32, null=True, blank=True)
    model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=64)
    capacity = models.FloatField('容量', null=True, blank=True)
    sn = models.CharField('内存SN号', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
    speed = models.CharField('速度', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)

    server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='memory')


    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "内存表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.slot


class AssetRecord(models.Model):
    """
    资产变更记录,creator为空时，表示是资产汇报的数据。
    """
    asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Asset', related_name='ar')
    content = models.TextField(null=True)# 新增硬盘
    creator = models.ForeignKey('UserProfile', null=True, blank=True) #
    create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)


    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "资产记录表"

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s-%s-%s" % (self.asset_obj.idc.name, self.asset_obj.cabinet_num, self.asset_obj.cabinet_order)


class ErrorLog(models.Model):
    """
    错误日志,如：agent采集数据错误 或 运行错误
    """
    asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Asset', null=True, blank=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=16)
    content = models.TextField()
    create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "错误日志表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title