如何高效实现扫描局域网IP、主机名、MAC和端口

近几年工作经常使用RFID识读器，智能家居网关，温湿度传感器、串口服务器、视频编码器等，一般是有串口和网口，由于现场原因一般较少使用串口，大多使用网口。连接方法是IP地址和端口，有的设备带搜索软件，有的就不带。经常测试环境和现场来回用，难免记混。同时使用网上的一些端口扫描工具，发现有一个问题，就是在进行扫描的时候，不怎么好用，比如，扫描器一般都是带端口扫描的，但是，我仅仅只用扫描设备在不在线，不用扫描端口，但是有一些设备是只要扫描端口，这个怎么更方便更好用呢？

同时在扫描成功之后，需要通过TCP连接到设备，发数据，看数据能不能正常相应，或者设备状态对不对，这是不是又要单独开另外一个软件？使用起来，比较繁琐，因此就根据自己的需要制作了一个小工具，用来扫描IP和端口。

　扫描速度一定要快，成功和不成功区分要明显，好了，先上图:

一、主要IP扫描方法：

（1）、IP地址匹配，看IP设置是否正确

   //匹配正确的IP地址
            Regex rgx = new Regex(@"^([1-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(.([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])){3}$");

            if (rgx.IsMatch(IPStarttextBox.Text) && rgx.IsMatch(IPStoptextBox.Text))//匹配正确IP
            {
                if (scan_type == 1)
                {
                    int startIp = Int32.Parse(IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[3]);
                    int endIp = Int32.Parse(IPStoptextBox.Text.Split('.')[3]);
                    progressBar.Minimum = startIp;
                    progressBar.Maximum = endIp;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (PortStarttextBox.Text == "")
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("请输入端口号！");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        portStart = Int32.Parse(PortStarttextBox.Text);
                        portEnd = Int32.Parse(PortEndtextBox.Text);
                        progressBar.Minimum = portStart;
                        progressBar.Maximum = portEnd;
                    }

                    if (portEnd < portStart)
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("请填写正确端口范围");
                        return;
                    }
                }

            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请填写正确IP");
                return;
            }

（2）、获取主机名

   public static string GetHostEntry(object ip)
        {
            string hostname = "-";   
            try
            {
                IPHostEntry host = Dns.GetHostEntry(ip.ToString());
                hostname = host.HostName;
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
            }
            return hostname;
        }

（3）、获取MAC地址

 [DllImport("ws2_32.dll")]
        private static extern int inet_addr(string cp);
        [DllImport("IPHLPAPI.dll")]
        private static extern int SendARP(Int32 DestIP, Int32 SrcIP, ref Int64 pMacAddr, ref Int32 PhyAddrLen);


        private string GetMacAddress(string hostip)//获取远程IP（不能跨网段）的MAC地址
        {
            string Mac = "";
            try
            {
                Int32 ldest = inet_addr(hostip); //将IP地址从 点数格式转换成无符号长整型
                Int64 macinfo = new Int64();
                Int32 len = 6;
                SendARP(ldest, 0, ref macinfo, ref len);
                string TmpMac = Convert.ToString(macinfo, 16).PadLeft(12, '0');//转换成16进制　　注意有些没有十二位
                Mac = TmpMac.Substring(0, 2).ToUpper();//
                for (int i = 2; i < TmpMac.Length; i = i + 2)
                {
                    Mac = TmpMac.Substring(i, 2).ToUpper() + "-" + Mac;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception Mye)
            {
                Mac = "获取远程主机的MAC错误：" + Mye.Message;
            }
            return Mac;
        }

（3）、主要准备工作做好了，接下来，进入主题，如何通过多线程判断IP是否在线。

Thread waitT = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ipwait));
                waitT.Start();//等待所有线程执行完毕在写入textbox中

 public void ipwait()
        {
            int startIp = Int32.Parse(IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[3]);
            int endIp = Int32.Parse(IPStoptextBox.Text.Split('.')[3]);
            ListViewItem lvi;

            string ip = IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[0] + "." + IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[1] + "." + IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[2] + ".";
            String ipaddr = "";
            int timeout = int.Parse(TimeOuttextBox.Text);

            string mac = "";

            progressBar.Minimum = startIp;
            progressBar.Maximum = endIp;
            try
            {

                for (int q = startIp; q <= endIp && isrun == true; q++)
                {

                    //---------------------ping
                    ipaddr = ip + q;
                    lvi  = new ListViewItem();
                    Ping ping = new Ping();
                    PingReply reply = ping.Send(IPAddress.Parse(ipaddr), overTime);

                    if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success)
                    {

                        ResuleTextBox.Text += ipaddr + "    Ping时间   " + reply.RoundtripTime + "   毫秒
";
                        mac= GetMacAddress(ipaddr);
                     //   IPHostEntry host = Dns.GetHostEntry(ipaddr);
                        // IPHostEntry host = Dns.GetHostByAddress(ipaddr);
                        // ResuleTextBox.Text += "主机名为    " + host.HostName + "
";
                        // ScanResultlistBox.Items.Add(ipaddr + "                    " + mac + "                 在线   ");
                        lvi.BackColor = Color.LightSeaGreen;
                        lvi.Text = ipaddr;
                        Task<string> t1 = new Task<string>(GetHostEntry,ipaddr);
                        t1.Start();
                        t1.Wait(timeout);   //设置获取主机名超时时间
                        if(t1.IsCompleted)
                        {
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(t1.Result);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            lvi.SubItems.Add("-");
                        }
                        lvi.SubItems.Add(mac);
                        lvi.SubItems.Add("在线");

                    }
                    else
                    {
                        lvi.BackColor = Color.Pink;
                        lvi.Text = ipaddr;
                        lvi.SubItems.Add("-");
                        lvi.SubItems.Add("-");
                        lvi.SubItems.Add("不在线");
                    }

                    progressBar.Value = q;
                    progressBar.Update();
                    ListViewUpdate(lvi);
                    ResuleTextBox.SelectionStart = ResuleTextBox.Text.Length -1;
                    ResuleTextBox.ScrollToCaret();
                }
                ScanResultlistBox.Items[ScanResultlistBox.Items.Count - 1].EnsureVisible();

            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
                isrun = false;
                progressBar.Value = progressBar.Minimum;
                startScanbutton.Enabled = true;
                stopScanbutton.Enabled = false;
                ResuleTextBox.Text += ex.ToString();
            }
            startScanbutton.Enabled = true;
            stopScanbutton.Enabled = false;
            isrun = false;
            progressBar.Value = progressBar.Maximum;

        }

说明一下：在我获取主机名的过程中，发现如果不对获取主机名设置一个超时时间，那么将会出现一个问题，程序将会卡在获取主机名的这个阶段，无法向下继续执行，因为，为了高效的执行，给获取主机名设置一个超时时间，将会大大提高程序的执行效率。

二、主要端口状态获取方法

 Thread waitT = new Thread(new ThreadStart(portwait));
                waitT.Start();//等待所有线程执行完毕在写入textbox中
   public void portwait()
        {
            int startIp = Int32.Parse(IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[3]);
            int endIp = Int32.Parse(IPStoptextBox.Text.Split('.')[3]);

            string ip = IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[0] + "." + IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[1] + "." + IPStarttextBox.Text.Split('.')[2] + ".";
            String mac = "" , ipaddr ="";
            ListViewItem lvi;
            String host;
            int timeout = int.Parse(TimeOuttextBox.Text);
            for (int q = startIp; q <= endIp && isrun == true; q++)
            {
                ResuleTextBox.Text += (ip + q) + " IP地址扫描中---
";
                //---------------------ping
                Ping ping = new Ping();
             
                PingReply reply = ping.Send(IPAddress.Parse(ip + q), overTime);
                ipaddr = ip + q;
                if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success)
                {
                    ResuleTextBox.Text +=ipaddr  + " Ping时间" + reply.RoundtripTime + "毫秒
";
                    mac = GetMacAddress(ipaddr);
                    Task<string> t1 = new Task<string>(GetHostEntry, ipaddr);
                    t1.Start();
                    t1.Wait(timeout);
                    if (t1.IsCompleted)
                    {
                        host = t1.Result.ToString();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        host = "-";
                    }
                    ResuleTextBox.Text += "MAC地址为 " + mac + "
";
                }
                else
                {
                    //    ScanResultlistBox.Items.Add(ipaddr + "                              " + "-" + "            " + "-" + "   " + "                - 不可达
");
                    lvi = new ListViewItem();
                    lvi.BackColor = Color.Pink;
                    lvi.Text = ipaddr;
                    lvi.SubItems.Add("-");
                    lvi.SubItems.Add("-");
                    lvi.SubItems.Add("不可达");
                    ResuleTextBox.Text += ipaddr + "不可达
";
                    ListViewUpdate(lvi);
                    continue;
                }





                //---------------------end
                Thread[] tharr;
                if (numThread < (portEnd - portStart + 1))
                {
                    tharr = new Thread[portEnd - portStart + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    tharr = new Thread[numThread];
                }
                str = new List<string>();
                for (int i = portStart; (i <= portEnd) && (isrun ==true); i++)
                {
                    Thread thread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(Scan));
                    thread.Start(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(ip + q), i));//每扫描一个端口创建一个线程

                    ResuleTextBox.Text += i + " 端口扫描中---
";

                    tharr[i - portStart] = thread;
                    progressBar.Value = i;

                    string s = State(i);

                    lvi = new ListViewItem();

                    if (s == "Open")
                    {
                        lvi.BackColor = Color.LightSeaGreen;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        lvi.BackColor = Color.Silver;
                    }

                    lvi.Text = ipaddr + ":" + i.ToString();
                    lvi.SubItems.Add(host);
                    lvi.SubItems.Add(mac);

                    if (checkBox1.Checked)
                    {
                        if (s == "Open")
                        {

                            //  ScanResultlistBox.Items.Add(ip + q + "                       " + mac +"        "+ i + "           " + s + "   " + "          " + Service(i));
                         
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(i.ToString());
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(s);
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(Service(i));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            lvi = null;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (s == "Open")
                        {

                            //   ScanResultlistBox.Items.Add(ip + q + "                      " + mac + "        " + i + "              " + s + "   " + "         " + Service(i));
                           
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(i.ToString());
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(s);
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(Service(i));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            //   ScanResultlistBox.Items.Add(ip + q + "                       " + mac + "        " + i + "            " + s + "   " + "          ");
                          
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(i.ToString());
                            lvi.SubItems.Add(s);
                            lvi.SubItems.Add("");
                        }
                    }
                    if (lvi != null)
                    {
                        ListViewUpdate(lvi);
                    }
                }


                bool iscon = true;//第一个线程等待时间
                for (int i = 0; i < tharr.Length; i++)
                {
                    if (tharr[i] == null)
                        continue;
                    while (tharr[i].IsAlive && iscon)//端口超时设置时间(目前200毫秒),一直等待此ip所有线程执行完毕才扫描下个ip
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(200);
                        iscon = false;//第一个线程给200ms等待时间，其他线程由于同步执行的，所以没等待时间了,如果线程还没执行完，说明此端口不可达。
                    }
                }
                str.Sort();
                ResuleTextBox.Text += "开放端口： ";
                for (int k = 0; k < str.Count; k++)
                    ResuleTextBox.Text += str[k] + "  ";
                ResuleTextBox.Text += "
";
            }
            ScanResultlistBox.Items[ScanResultlistBox.Items.Count - 1].EnsureVisible();
            if (isrun == true)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("扫描完成");
                progressBar.Value = progressBar.Minimum;
                startScanbutton.Enabled = true;
                stopScanbutton.Enabled = false;
                isrun = false;
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("扫描终止");
                startScanbutton.Enabled = true;
                stopScanbutton.Enabled = false;
                progressBar.Value = progressBar.Minimum;
                isrun = false;
            }


        }
        public string State(int i)
        {
            str.Sort();
            for (int k = 0; k < str.Count; k++)
            {
                string s = str[k];
                if (Convert.ToString(i) == s)
                    return "Open";
            }
            return "Closed";
        }
        public string Service(int i)
        {
            switch (i)
            {

                case 80:
                    return "HTTP协议代理服务";
                case 135:
                    return "DCE endpoint resolutionnetbios-ns";
                case 445:
                    return "安全服务";
                case 1025:
                    return "NetSpy.698(YAI)";


                case 8080:
                    return "HTTP协议代理服务";

                case 8081:
                    return "HTTP协议代理服务";

                case 3128:
                    return "HTTP协议代理服务";

                case 9080:
                    return "HTTP协议代理服务";

                case 1080:
                    return "SOCKS代理协议服务";

                case 21:
                    return "FTP(文件传输)协议代理服务";

                case 23:
                    return "Telnet(远程登录)协议代理服务";

                case 443:
                    return "HTTPS协议代理服务";

                case 69:
                    return "TFTP协议代理服务";

                case 22:
                    return "SSH、SCP、端口重定向协议代理服务";

                case 25:
                    return "SMTP协议代理服务";

                case 110:
                    return "POP3协议代理服务";
                default:
                    return "Unknow Servies";



            }
        }

        public void Scan(object Point)
        {
            IPEndPoint IPPoint = (IPEndPoint)Point;
            try
            {
                TcpClient tcp = new TcpClient();
                tcp.Connect(IPPoint);
                if (tcp.Connected)
                    str.Add(Convert.ToString(IPPoint.Port));
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
            }
        }